Poppet valve for internal combustion engines



Patented Dec. 1, 1931 WILLIAM M. GOODWIN, OF CENTRAL SQUARE, N EW YORK rorrnr VALVE Fon INTERNAL coMBUsTroN ENGINES Application filed ctober 27, 1930. Serial No. 491,552.

This invention relates toa poppet valve for internal combustion engines and analogous uses in which the valves are subjec-t to more or less excessive'heat, and refers more 5 particularly to the means for cooling or preventing excessive heating of the valve.

` These valves are provided with tubular y `stems for receiving a cooling agent, preferably in liquid form or capable of conversion 10 into liquid under heat, and the main object of the present invention is to provide means dependent upon the more or less rapid end wise j reciproca'tion of the valve and the linertia of the cooling liquid to cause said liquid to auto- 5 matica'lly circulate from end to end of the valve stem.

One of the speciiic objects'is to provide the interior of the stem andthe opposite lengthwise Channels by means of a partition having longitudinally spa-ced portions thereof offset at abrupt angles to the aXis of the stem and to connect opposite edges of adjacent offset por- ,tions extending diagonally across said axis whereby the impulsive endwise movement of 5 the valve in one direction relatively to the more or less inert liquid will cause said liquid to enter successive pockets formed by the offsets in one of the channels while the sudden movement of the valve in the opposite direction will cause the oifset portions to feed the liquid in the several pockets at the corresponding Aside of the channel in the same direction, so that the repeated reciprocations of the valve will eli'ect the'circulation of the first-named channel onto the other channel where the offset portions facing the lastnamed channel will cause a positive feed of the liquid therein to the other end of the rstnamed channel, thus completing' the cycle of j 40eirculation for each reciprocal movement of thevalve.y l Y Otherobjects andr uses rela-ting to the means for causing automatic circulation of the liquid through each channel and return through the other channel will be brought out in the following description.

In the drawings Figure 1 is an enlargedlongitudinal sectional view of a self-,cooled valve embodyingr the various features of my invention.

Figures 2 and 3 are enlarged transverse sectional views taken respectively in the planes of lines `2 2 and 3 3, Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the detached Zig-Zag partition ready for insertion 55 into the tubular stem of the valve.

Figure 5 is a face view of a portion .of the sheet metal blank from which the Zig-zag partition shown in Figure 4 is cut.

In order that the invention may be clearly 00 understood I have shown a valve -1- as provided with a tubular stem -2- forming an inner lengthwise chamber *3-` extending from end to end of the valve stem co-aXial therewith and preferably of uniform diam- 65 eter from end to end for receiving and retaining a cooling agent which may be in the form of a liquid or a solid which is convertible into liquid under heat.

A longitudinally Zig-zagged partition `4 is inserted into the cooling chamber -3* to extend from end to end thereof for dividing said chamber into opposite lengthwise channels --5` and -5-, said partition being preferably made of sheet metal andV arranged with its opposite lengthwise edges in close contact with the adjacent walls of the chamber 3* to form water-tight joints therewith.

The channels -5- and -5 extend the full length of the-partition -4 and chamber -3- and are connected at both ends through openings -6- and*6- in opposite ends of the partition to form a complete circuit for the circulation of the liquid 8" through both channels and from each channel to the other.

Both ends of the cooling chamber 3- are closed to retain the liquid therein. one of t-he closures as -7 at the end of the chamber -3- opposite the valve -1- consisting, in

this instance, of a screw plug in threaded engagement with the adjacent walls of the chamber, as shown more clearly in Figure 1, said plug being removable to omit the insertion and removal of the partition when necessary for repairs or other requirements.

The opposite ends of the partition 4.- preferably abut against the corresponding closed ends of the chamber -3- to hold said partition against endwise movement in the As previously stated, the opposite loingitu` dinal vedges of the partition v"4f-are"closelyY engaged with the adjacent Walls of the chainber -3- while the opposite faces of the partitionare arranged in'equally spaced relation .to thecorresponding .walls of the chamber to form lthe 'lengthwise4 channels f5- and -f-fwhichextend'the entire length :of theV .partitionand comniunicate with each other.

at both'endspof thechamber through the openings .,6- .and -6-.

The opposite llongitudinal edges of .the steps or ledges are curved at -8- to conform .to the .curvature of the-adjacent' vportions .of the cylindrical walls ofthercoehv fing chamber -3-, thev .opposite .longitudinall ,edges ofY the diagonal portions 9 of the partition being also. curved or convexed outwardly to .conform to vthe .curvature vof the Joer Y Y y,It thereforeffollows, that the :radius of adjacent portions lof theV walls of the chamcurvaturefof the opposite Aedges ofthe ledges f8,..- wi'll be. substantially -equarlto-.the radii ns of the .cooling ;chamber, while the radius f of Acul,vature of @the opposite longitudinal edges 19K-.of the diagonalportions --'9-- 4 iwillfbe consider( bly longer than that ofthe ledges -S-f, depending somewhat upon the length vof the diagonal portions. Y

l peraton Y Assuming that the'chamber has been filled with a coolingv agent eitherin liquidV form. or other matter convertible Ainto liquid "jby-he'at and th at the partition Ll-liasbeen secured Vin operative position within .the chamberby the insertion of the plug -7-, and Ifurther*assuming that the4 valve is reciprocall-y movable `vertically by mechanism commonly employed infinterna-l combustion engines, then Vat each upward or` 'Opening movement ofthe valve. `with the partition 4'- therein, relatively to the more or 'less inert body of liquid therein. the

upper surface of the ledges L8- willfact as pistons to force .the overlying portion of the liquid upwardly through thechannel lso -5- and cause it to overflow 'through-the upper passage V-G- into' the upper endf of the channel -5- the downward flow ofthe 4liquidxin,the y'channel -5-.being aided by gravity to cause the. return of the licquidv :from the lower end of the channels-*#55- through the passage -6- and into the corres ending end of the up flow channel -'-57-.

n the other hand during the more or less rapid descent or *closing ofthe valve -l-e with the partition -4- therein, the lower faces of the ledges -8-. will act as'pistons .to ...force the more or vrless. .inert Yoil liquid ydownwardly through-the downflow channel -5- and thence through the lower lpassage -67- into the up flow channel -5- to asv sist 'inthefup flow'bf-the vliquid through the channel -5- and its overflow through the passage -"f6--"into"-the upper end of the downlow channel -5-, thusY completing the cycle of circulation which is repeated at .each reciprocal movement ofthe fvalve.

@wing to the fact `that the majorqportion lof the valve stem -2- isrc'onsiderablyoool- Vrer than the val-ve head .-lit is evident that this upflowand return -of thefcooli-ng agent .throughthelchannels Q5-and -5- will maintaina continuous liowof theco'oled liquid from` thelower end-"of .the valve :stem thro-ugh theportion ofthe chamber-adiacent the l.morehighly heated-valve headlfor .cooling'the latter orL at least maintaining its temperature to -a safe and eflicient'degree. The particular longitudinal .zigzag sha-pe .ofV the gparttion -4lvforms a series -of pockets in oppositesides thereof in which the capacity of each pocket ofthe channel- ,-5- is graduallydiniinished from bottom to .top Aofthe-.di-agonal portions -9-e, while lthe pockets .at the 4opposite side of the parti'- tion formingparts ofthe channel -5-will Vbe gradually diminished fromv top lto bottom vof each diagonal portion 9-, butowing to thefact that .the lower and upper faces of each ledge v-8 constitutepistons it isfevident that -any relative endwise reciprocal movement .of the lvalve will cause the Vliquid vto .be positively fed upwardly through the ychannel v-.5- from .bottom to top thereof, `and .then positively returned downwardly Athroughfthe. channel 5f-*to the lower end Vof .the channel #-5- 'for recirculation after fcooling.

'The means shown and described .for establishing an automatic circulationof the cooling .agent through the .tubular valve stemandreturn is particularly simple, prac tical and.-eicient inthat such'circulation is made dependent entirely upon the reciprocatory movement of the valve relatively to the cooling agent due to Vthe inertia. of fthe cooling liquid and to the fact thatithe upper and lower'faces of the ledgesV '-84'act as pistons for positively 'feeding :the-liquidin opposite ldirections through 'the' channels -5m and -5-,. l n .Y n

It is evident, however, that some change may be made in the detailv construction of .the partition without departing from the spirit of this invention.'V f

What I claim is 1. A poppet valve having a tubular stem containing a cooling agent, and a partition extending lengthwise of and within the stem and dividing the interior thereof into opposite lengthwisey channels, said partition having longitudinally spaced portions thereof offset in planes at abrupt angles to the axis of the stem.

2. A poppet valve having a tubular stem containing a cooling agent, and a partition extending lengthwise of and within the stem and dividing the interior thereof into opposite lengthwise channels, said partition having longitudinally spaced portions thereof offset in planes at abrupt angles to the axis of the stem, the portions between the ol '.set portions being extended diagonally across said axis.

3. A poppet valve having a stem provided with a lengthwise chamber closed at both ends against communication with the exterior of the valve and stem and containing a cooling agent, and a partition extending lengthwise of and within said chamber and dividing the latter into opposite lengthwise channels having corresponding ends at both ends of the chamber connected to each other to confine the circulation of the cooling agent wholly within the valve and stem.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 24th day of October, 1930.

WILLIAM M. GOODWIN. 

